meet the... Kangal Dog

Head

• General Appearance: Mesaticephalic skull type, moderately large in size, and wedge-shaped, yet always in proportion to the rest of the body. The topskull is broad, being approximately as broad (measured across the top in front of the ears) as it is long (measured from occiput to stop). Skulls will appear broader on mature males than on females. When viewed in profile or from the front, the plane of the topskull appears just slightly arched. The head is powerful, substantial, and equipped with strong (yet smooth) muscle throughout. The head tapers from the broad, back skull toward the narrower muzzle end. The head is clean-cut and without excess skin or wrinkle.
• Expression: Watchful, intelligent, and alert.
• Stop: The stop is slight.
• Skull: The ideal muzzle-to-skull ratio is between 3:2 and 5:4, with the topskull being just longer than the muzzle.
  The ideal muzzle-to-skull axis is parallel.
• Muzzle: The muzzle is full, deep, and broad. The plane, or bridge of the muzzle, is straight, but gently sloped. Upper and lower jaws are well-developed, approximately equal in length, and have good bone substance, never appearing snipy or weak. In profile, the muzzle tapers only slightly from a broad and powerful base toward the blunt end. When viewed from above, the muzzle remains broad throughout, with only minimal taper, appearing almost rectangular.
• Lips or Flews: Lips are clean and fit fairly well over the teeth and jaws, being only slightly pendulous. Lips should never protrude below the lower plane of the jaw. They are well-pigmented. The corner of the lips is tight, never appearing loose or “wet.”
• Nose: The nose is well-pigmented and black, or self-colored according to the coat. The nostrils are well-opened.
• Cheeks: The cheeks are well-developed and powerful, giving the face breadth and manifesting strength. The cheeks should not appear chiseled.
• Dentition and Bite: Forty-two strong, clean, white teeth. Bite may be level, scissor, or reverse-scissor. Contact must be made between the top and bottom incisors. Missing or broken teeth as a result of routine work is not to be penalized.
• Eyes: Moderate in size, oval to almond in shape, and dark to light brown in color. The eye rims are well-fitted and well-pigmented. The eyes are never bulging. There should be sufficient bone in the surrounding orbital sockets to protect the eyes. Any signs of entropion or ectropion are incorrect for this breed.
• Ears: Medium in size and set wide and fairly high on the skull. They are pendant, or drop, and triangular in shape with rounded tips. The front edge hangs close to the head. Ears may be natural (preferred) or surgically cropped (short). The ears are never long, overly large, or broken.

Body and Tail

• General Description: Deep, powerful, solid, and of good substance, never flat on the sides. The body is never racy or refined. The body is capable of speed, endurance, and power. Width at forequarters is approximately equal to the width at the hindquarters.
• Neck: Moderate length allows for good head carriage and strongly muscled with a slight arch. Although primarily thick throughout, the neck tapers slightly from the deeper and broader body toward the head. The neck is fairly clean-cut and without excess skin or throatiness. A minimal dewlap is not to be penalized.
• Chest: Deep and broad, but never wider than deep. The brisket extends to the point of the elbows. The forechest is well-developed, but never overly prominent.
• Topline: Level from slightly prominent withers to loin, and then slightly and gently arched at the loin toward the croup. The back is broad, medium length, strongly muscled, and straight, yet supple. The loin is taut and slightly arched, yet supportive. The back is never swayed or roached.
• Croup: The croup is broad, long, powerful, and gently sloped. It may be level with the withers, or just slightly (almost imperceptibly) higher than the back.
• Underline: Slight to moderate tuck-up. The underline is taut and firm, without any indication of sagging or excess weight.
• Ribs: Long, well-sprung, well-laid-back, and oval-shaped, never barrel-chested or slab-sided.
• Tail: Set neither high nor low on the croup but as a natural extension of the topline. It is thick at the base and tapering toward the tip. The tail is carried in accordance with the dog’s mood and energy level, but never tucked. It is carried low with a tight curl toward the tip when relaxed, and carried high and curled over the back when alert. The tail is of a moderately long length, with the tip of the last vertebrae extending to the hock joints when held down.

Forequarters and Hindquarters

• Forequarters: Forequarters are always in balance with the hindquarters. Forequarters are well-angulated with well-laid-back shoulder blades. Shoulder blades are approximately equal in length to the upper arm and forearm.
• Elbows: Elbows are close to the body. The point of the elbows is approximately half the dog’s height at the withers.
• Forelegs: Frontal View: Straight, of good muscle, of solid bone, and parallel to one another.
  Side View: The forelimbs appear straight with strong pasterns.
• Pasterns: Never weak or broken.
• Hindquarters: Upper thigh and lower thigh are equal in length, strong, sturdy, of solid bone, and well-muscled.
  Rear View: When viewed from the rear, the rear pasterns are parallel to one another.
  Side View: Good angulation will allow the rear toes to align with the point of the rump or within one to two paw-lengths behind the point of the rump, with the rear pasterns remaining perpendicular to the ground and parallel to one another.
• Stifle Joint: Well-angulated with a good bend to well-let-down rear pasterns.
• Stifle Joint: Angulation of hindquarters is always in balance with angulation of forequarters.
• Feet: Oval to round and compact, with well-arched toes and tough pads. Dewclaw in front and back are permissible.

Coat

• Skin: Well-fitted, yet supple. The skin should never obstruct the outline of the dog.
• Coat Type: The coat of the Kangal Dog varies according to the climate and weather. It can vary from 1 inch to three inches. It is of a short to medium-short length, exhibiting a thick, dense, and protective undercoat. The summer coat is smooth, flat, and close double coat. The texture is harsh to the touch. The coat is slightly longer on the neck (forming a light ruff), back of the front, hind legs, and on the tail. Winter coats are short on the face, forehead, ears, and front of the forelimbs and hind legs. The coat is longer and harsher on the neck, ears, rear of the forelimbs and hindlimbs, feet, and tail, forming slightly more developed fringe and furnishings. The coat should never be abundantly thick, abundantly long, or silky.
• Coat Color or Pattern: Solid fawn to wolf-sable always with a black melanistic mask, which may extend beyond the muzzle. Ears are always dark in conjunction with the mask. Minimal white markings permissible on toes, throat (not preferred), and white tip on tail permissible.

Movement

Smooth, effortless, and efficient, the characteristics of healthy structure are evident: when moving away, the forelegs and rear pasterns should remain parallel to one another. When viewing movement from the front, the forelegs should remain parallel, with elbows and paws moving neither in nor out. From the rear, the back pads should be visible when the rear legs are extended. As speed increases, the forelimbs and hindlimbs will converge to the centerline of gravity. From the side, the topline should remain firm and level. Good reach of movement in the front allows the forepaw to extend out in a line with the nose. The width between the forefeet when extended should be approximately equal to the width between the hindfeet when extended, indicating balance, good reach, and a good drive. Dogs that exhibit any sign of breathing or locomotive difficulty shall be disqualified from the show ring.

Temperament

The Kangal Dog is an independent thinker with a steady temperament, but he is quick to react when encountering a perceived threat. He is fiercely loyal and territorial to his herd and property, with a strong natural wariness of strangers. If kept as a companion, he will bond strongly to his family, with a natural inclination to bond with and protect children, but he will require obedience training and socialization from early puppyhood to curb any aggression issues that could manifest later in life. The Kangal’s tendency to form strong bonds early on, coupled with his large, powerful size and speedy response, makes him an excellent livestock guardian dog for most types of flocks. The breed has been effectively used in cheetah conservation programs since the dogs are quick enough to thwart the speedy and cunning cheetah’s hunting attempts when misdirected toward livestock. Any unprovoked aggressive or fearful behavior toward people is incorrect for this breed.

Faults

All dogs should be in proper healthy condition, free from disease or defect. Any departure from this description is considered a fault. Unless altered, all male dogs should have two fully descended testicles.